Middle East in WWI Pt 21 New Nations - New Nations. The British negotiate a truce with the Turkish nationalists and withdraw from Istanbul. Superseding the Sevres accord, the Treaty of Lausanne (July 24, 1923) ends hostilities between the Allies and the Turkish nationalists. Territory is restored to Turkey and the Allies evacuate Istanbul on August 23rd. Mustafa Kemal, hero of Gallipoli, becomes the first president of the new Turkish Republic on October 29th. Other nations are created by Great Britain and France, intended to secure their influence in the oil-rich region: Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Palestine, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Show Less >>